Where the Earth Breathes Fire and Water. Volcanic Sanctuary • Oita Prefecture

The Hells
& Healing Waters.

Experience the world's most spectacular hot spring city. From boiling cobalt lakes to therapeutic volcanic sand baths.

The Jigoku Meguri

The "Hell Tour" Spectacular pools meant for viewing, not bathing.

🩸

Chinoike Jigoku

The "Blood Pond Hell." A photogenic, naturally red lake colored by iron-rich minerals and steam reaching 78°C.

🌊

Umi Jigoku

The "Sea Hell." A stunning pool of cobalt blue water that looks like the ocean but is actually a boiling cauldron of volcanic intensity.

🌋

Onishiyama Jigoku

The "Shaved Head Hell." Named after the way the bubbling grey mud looks like the bald heads of monks emerging from the earth.

"Beyond the
Hot Water."

Beppu is famous for its diversity of baths. Try the unique steam baths or the seaside sand baths where you are buried in naturally heated volcanic sand.

Kanno-kai Sand Baths

Relax to the sound of the ocean waves while the weight and heat of the black volcanic sand detoxifies your body. It is an ancient practice that remains one of Japan's most unique wellness experiences.

Traveler Tip

Visit Takegawara Onsen built in 1879 for the most historic bathing atmosphere.

Volcanic Cooking

Jigoku Mushi (Hell Steaming)

💨 Steam-Cooked Feast

In the Kannawa district, you can cook your own vegetables, seafood, and eggs using the natural geothermal steam vents found throughout the town.

🍮 Custard Pudding

Don't miss 'Jigoku Purin' a rich, silky custard pudding steamed by the volcano's breath, giving it a unique, earthy sweetness.

Thermal Diversity

The Four Faces.

Beppu is not a single experience, but a quartet of geothermal archetypes.

01 / KANNAWA

The Steam (Mushi)

The iconic face of Beppu. Entire districts engulfed in white steam, utilizing high-pressure vapor for healing and culinary heritage.

02 / MYOBAN

The Mud (Doro)

High-altitude volcanic mud baths rich in sulfur and alum, harvested in traditional 'Yunohana-goya' straw huts.

03 / KAIHAITSU

The Sand (Suna)

Seaside geothermal activity heats the black volcanic sand. A weighted, therapeutic experience unique to the Oita coastline.

04 / BEPPU-WAKU

The Water (Yu)

Traditional wooden bathhouses and public 'Sento' where the community has gathered for over a millennium.

Atmospheric Archive

The Geothermal Climate.

In Beppu, the weather is more than just temperature; it is how the air interacts with the steam. The visibility and density of the city's "steam-scape" change dramatically with the seasons.

Winter:

High Contrast. The cold air causes the steam to condense instantly, creating thick, white pillars that dominate the skyline.

Summer:

Atmospheric Haze. High humidity makes the steam transparent, though the geothermal heat remains intense beneath the surface.

Annual Precipitation & Steam Density

*Observation Note: Early morning (06:00) during the winter months (Jan-Feb) offers the highest technical visibility for the Kannawa steam vents.

Crystal Growth Log

Substrate Blue Clay (Amabe)
Catalyst Geothermal Vapor
Cultivation Time 40 - 60 Days

*The resulting "Yunohana" crystals are 100% organic mineral concentrates used to transform standard water into medicinal Beppu thermal water globally.

Industrial Heritage

Farming the Steam.

"In the heights of Myoban, the villagers do not harvest crops; they harvest the breath of the volcano."

The **Yunohana-goya** (Straw Huts) are specialized laboratories built without a single nail. The thick thatch creates a specific internal climate, high humidity and constant temperature that allows sulfur gas to react with local blue clay.

This reaction produces bright yellow alum crystals. This "Secret Alchemy" was so valuable during the Edo period that it was used as a form of currency and a luxury export to the Shogun's court in Edo.

Geothermal Logic

The Water Engine.

Beppu faces a unique engineering paradox: the water emerges from the earth at **100°C (212°F)** far too hot for human contact but cooling it with cold water would dilute its precious mineral density.

🎋
The Yumitake Cooling Tower

Invented in Beppu, these bamboo structures allow boiling water to drip through thousands of twigs. This utilizes **evaporative cooling** to drop the temperature to a perfect 42°C in seconds without losing a single mineral ion.

Kinetic Gravity Feed

The city's steep incline is utilized to move water from the mountain sources to the coastal bathhouses using nothing but gravity and a complex network of visible, steaming pipes.

Physics of the Bath

"The Yumitake is the only cooling system in the world that preserves 100% of the water's medicinal efficacy while lowering the temperature naturally."

Archive Curiosities

The Beppu Ledger.

Five technical anomalies that define the world's hot spring capital.

01. VOLUME

Global Output

Beppu discharges over **130,000 tons** of hot water daily, ranking second in the world only to Yellowstone (USA) in total geothermal volume.

02. DIVERSITY

Mineral Variety

Of the 11 classified types of thermal water on Earth, Beppu possesses **10 distinct varieties**, ranging from acidic to alkaline and iron-rich.

03. ARCHITECTURE

The Yunohana Huts

The iconic triangle-shaped straw huts in Myoban are "factories" that grow **mineral crystals** from the steam, a process unchanged since the Edo period.

04. UTILITY

Zero-Waste Energy

Historically, the city utilized excess steam to power everything from community heaters to specialized **crocodile breeding farms** in the Shasai district.

05. DEPTH

Volcanic Veins

The water emerges from a massive tectonic rift. Some wells in Beppu are drilled up to **700 meters deep** to tap into the purest volcanic reservoirs.

Chronological Route

The 24-Hour Expedition.

A technical circuit through the city's most active geothermal zones.

09:00
AM

Coastal Lithotherapy

Beppu Beach Sand Bath

Begin at the shoreline. Experience the **Suna-yu**, where you are buried in volcanic sand heated by undersea geothermal veins. This weighted warmth jumpstarts the lymphatic system.

11:30
AM

Chromotherapy Analysis

Umi & Chinoike Jigoku

Document the "Hells." Observe the cobalt blues of **Umi Jigoku** and iron-oxide reds of **Chinoike Jigoku**. These observation pools demonstrate peak volcanic mineral concentration.

01:30
PM

Atmospheric Steaming

Kannawa Jigokumushi Workshop

Utilize high-pressure steam vents to cook nutrients in the **Jigoku-mushi** style. The natural minerals in the vapor infuse ingredients with an earthy, volcanic profile.

04:00
PM

Sulfur Alchemy

Myoban Yunohana-goya

Ascend to the Myoban heights. Observe the straw huts where **Yunohana** (bath salts) are "grown" from steam. Conclude with a dip in the milky, acidic sulfur waters for skin restoration.

07:30
PM

Structural Antiquity

Takegawara Onsen

End at the city's architectural anchor (est. 1879). The temple-style woodwork and traditional sand baths offer a final psychological reset under the evening steam.

Access & Mobility

The Navigational Grid.

Technical data for traversing the Beppu Rift from the coast to the volcanic heights.

Arrival Vectors

From Fukuoka (Hakata)

Utilize the **JR Sonic Limited Express**. A high-speed journey of approx. 2 hours. Arrival at JR Beppu Station puts you at the city's central sea-level hub.

From Oita Airport (OIT)

The **Airliner Airport Bus** connects the terminal to Beppu Station in 45 minutes. For a faster vector, the **Hover Ferry** across the bay is a unique high-speed alternative.

Intra-City Mobility

🚌
Kamenoi Bus

The primary network for the Hells and Myoban heights. Purchase a **1-Day Pass** for unlimited thermal district hopping.

🚲
E-Bike Rental

The incline to Kannawa is steep. Electric-assist bikes are the optimal archival tool for solo explorers.

Vertical Transit Zones

Zone A: Beppu Station/Coast 0m Elevation
Zone B: Kannawa (Steam) 150m Elevation
Zone C: Myoban (Sulfur) 300m Elevation

*Note: Most tourist sites in the Kannawa and Myoban districts require significant uphill walking. Proper footwear and hydration are technical requirements.

Cultural Magnetism

The Domestic Draw.

While international visitors come for the "Hells," Japanese travelers visit Beppu for **Toji** the ancient practice of long-term medicinal hot spring stay. Beppu is unique because it offers "Functional Bathing," where different mineral springs are prescribed for specific physical ailments.

The Winter Steam Effect

**Peak Season:** November to February. The colder air creates the most dramatic steam-scape, making the city look like a volcanic cauldron. This is the optimal time for the 'Steam Alleys' of Kannawa.

Spring Rebirth

**Mid-April:** The cherry blossoms frame the steaming vents. The Beppu Hatto Onsen Festival celebrates the abundance of water with religious rituals and free access to over 100 bathhouses.

The Volcanic Calendar

APRIL
Beppu Hatto Onsen Festival

The 'Mount Ogiyama Fire' ritual kicks off the festival, where the entire mountainside is set ablaze to pray for a plentiful supply of hot water.

JULY
Beppu Summer Fireworks

Massive displays over Beppu Bay. Best viewed from the rooftop onsens of the Kitahama district.

UNIQUE
Global Tower Observatory

Designed by Arata Isozaki, this 125m open-air deck offers a technical view of the tectonic rift that feeds the city.

The earth is alive here.

"We are currently navigating the steam-filled alleys of Kannawa and testing the most restorative waters to build the ultimate geothermal guide for your 2026 journey."

Feel the heat. The guide is rising soon. Stay with us.

A Note to our Guests

Thank you for exploring the bubbling wonders of Beppu with us. We are honored to help you find your sanctuary in the steam.

— The Beppu Travel Team